A Condenser is designed to facilitate the cooling of hot vapours and liquids. It is structured in the form of a large glass tube, containing a smaller glass tube running through its entire length. Hot fluids pass through this small inner tube. Typically, the outer glass tube has two hose connections to aid the passing of a coolant (usually tap water or chilled water/anti-freeze mixture). The coolant is introduced through the lower fitting, while the higher fitting serves as the exit point. Entering the coolant at the cooler point is a critical aspect as it helps maintain a smooth and correctly directed thermal gradient. This in turn, maximises efficiency and minimises the risk of thermal shock to adjacent glassware. Multiple Condensers may be connected in a series. Usually, a high flow rate is not essential for maintaining a cooling surface. Special care should be taken while choosing Condensers keeping in mind their distillation rates, reflux rates and temperature gradients. SAMCO offers you the choice of a wide range of Condensers.
